ADHD即注意力不足過動症的孩童常患有自律神經失調,他們的心跳較快,平躺時副交感HF較低,交感副交感平衡指標LF/HF較高, 站立時也類似且自律神經總活性較低
Changes in the cardiac autonomic
regulation in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Tonhajzerova I; Ondrejka I;
Adamik P; Hruby R;
Javorka M; Trunkvalterova Z;
Mokra D; Javorka K
Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of
Medicine, Comenius University, Martin Faculty
Hospital, Martin, Slovak Republic. tonhajzerova@jfmed.uniba.sk
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: ADHD
is one of the most common mental disorders among children. We hypothesized that
ADHD is associated with the impairment of the cardiac autonomic regulation. The
aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiac autonomic regulation in children
with ADHD at the rest and during orthostasis using
short-term heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. METHODS: Eighteen children
with ADHD admitted to the Department of Children and Adolescent Psychiatry,
Clinic of Psychiatry, University Hospital in Martin, Slovak Republic
between January and September 2006 and 18 matched healthy subjects were
recruited. HRV analysis was carried out in three positions: supine (S1)-orthostasis (O)-supine (S2). Evaluated parameters were: the
mean R-R interval, mean squared successive difference (MSSD), spectral powers
in low (LF) and high frequency (HF) bands, total power (TP), coefficients of
component variance (CCV LF, CCV HF), LF/HF ratio. RESULTS: The mean R-R
interval was significantly shorter in ADHD group compared to controls in all
positions (P<0.05, P<0.001). S1: The parameters MSSD, CCV HF, logHFpower were significantly lower (P<0.05, P<0.05,
P<0.01) and ratio LF/HF was significantly higher (P<0.05) in ADHD group
compared to controls. O: The parameters MSSD, CCVHF, logHFpower,
logTP were significantly lower in ADHD group compared
to controls (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.01). S2: The parameters
MSSD and logHFpower were significantly lower in
children with ADHD compared to controls (P<0.05). INTERPRETATION &
CONCLUSION: The children with ADHD had decreased cardiac vagal
modulation and tachycardia in supine positions with altered ability of dynamic
activation of the autonomic nervous system in response to orthostasis
indicating changes in the cardiac autonomic regulation. Further studies need to
be done on a larger sample to confirm these findings and to understand the
underlying mechanisms.